(ii) All metal should be free from burrs and sharp edges. ), (7) Automatic snagging machines. 1910.146 Permit-required confined spaces. (1) Forging means the product of work on metal formed to a desired shape by impact or pressure in hammers, forging machines (upsetters), presses, rolls, and related forming equipment. (iv) Cylinders, cups, or segmental wheels that are mounted in chucks. Appendix C to Subpart T of Part 1910Alternative Conditions Under 1910.401(a)(3) for Recreational Diving Instructors and Diving Guides (Mandatory). Tight and loose pulleys on all new installations made on or after August 31, 1971, shall be equipped with a permanent belt shifter provided with mechanical means to prevent belt from creeping from loose to tight pulley. Subpart O - Machinery and Machine Guarding. The validation organization or the validating laboratory shall own a registered certification/validation mark or logo. (6) Each operating treadle shall be protected against unexpected or accidental tripping. If made of pipe, the post shall be one and one-fourth (114) inches inside diameter, or larger. However, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health developed a mathematical model that helps predict the risk of injury based on the weight being lifted and accounts for many additional factors. The safety factor and/or derated percentage shall be specifically noted and complied with. ), (4) Cylindrical grinders. (v) The sweep device may not be used for point of operation safeguarding. [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 43 FR 49750, Oct. 24, 1978; 43 FR 51760; Nov. 7, 1978; 49 FR 5323, Feb. 10, 1984; 61 FR 9240, Mar. Guarding. Provide employees with the right battery handling equipment. (i) Guardrail shall be forty-two (42) inches in height, with midrail between top rail and floor. 3. This monitor shall stop slide motion and prevent successive press strokes if decoupling occurs, or if the monitor itself fails. A copy of the certification/validation report shall be submitted to OSHA within 30 days of its completion. 1910.216 Mills and calenders in the rubber and plastics industries. [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 49 FR 5323, Feb. 10, 1984; 61 FR 9240, Mar. The validation organization and the validating laboratory shall be adequately staffed by personnel who are qualified by technical training and/or experience to conduct the validation of the certification of PSDI safety systems. Openings for oiling. 1926.555 (a) (5) Where a conveyor passes over work areas, aisles, or thoroughfares, suitable guards shall be provided to protect employees required to work below the conveyors. 1 CFR 1.1 Broken pulleys. The validation organization's laboratory (which organizationally may be a part of the third-party validation organization): 1. 1910.143 Nonwater carriage disposal systems. It shall be readily accessible and operate whether pushed or pulled. (2) Calender means a machine equipped with two or more metal rolls revolving in opposite directions and used for continuously sheeting or plying up rubber and plastics compounds and for frictioning or coating materials with rubber and plastics compounds. Belt shifter and clutch handles shall be rounded and be located as far as possible from danger of accidental contact, but within easy reach of the operator. 1910.15 Shipyard employment. Appendix A to Subpart T of Part 1910Examples of Conditions Which May Restrict or Limit Exposure to Hyperbaric Conditions (b) As used in 1910.215 unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the following abrasive wheel machinery terms shall have the meanings prescribed in this paragraph. The manufacturer shall submit to the validation organization the technical analysis such as Hazard Analysis, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Stress Analysis, Component and Material Selection Analysis, Fluid Compatability, and/or other analyses which may be necessary to demonstrate, compliance with the following requirements: Sections 1910.217(h)(8) (i) and (ii); (h)(2) (ii) and (iii); (h)(3)(i) (A) and (C), and (ii); (h)(5) (i), (ii) and (iii); (h)(6) (i), (iii), (iv), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), and (xvii); (h)(7) (i) and (ii); (h)(9) (iv), (v), (viii), (ix) and (x); (h)(10) (i) and (ii). 1910.212 General requirements for all machines. (g) Guarding friction drives. (2) Cranks and connecting rods. 1. 653, 655, 657; Secretary of Labor's Order No. (1) General. (b) The performance of combined subsystems meets OSHA's operational requirements. This exposure shall begin at a point not more than 65 above the horizontal plane of the wheel spindle. An upper and a lower die make a complete set. Open frame hammers generally are so constructed that the anvil assembly is separate from the operating mechanism and machine supports; it rests on its own independent foundation. (vii) Controls for more than one operating station shall be designed to be activated and deactivated in complete sets of two operator's hand controls per operating station by means capable of being supervised by the employer. All trip and emergency switches shall not be of the automatically resetting type, but shall require manual resetting. 6. A test report shall be prepared for each PSDI safety system that is tested. b. 1910.34 Coverage and definitions. ), Wherever the nature of the work requires contact with the wheel below the horizontal plane of the spindle, the exposure shall not exceed 125. broken springs). The hazard created by a guide post (when it is located in the immediate vicinity of the operator) when separated from its bushing by more than one-fourth inch shall be considered as a point of operation hazard and be protected in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section. (8) Point of operation means that point at which cutting, shaping, or forming is accomplished upon the stock and shall include such other points as may offer a hazard to the operator in inserting or manipulating the stock in the operation of the machine. (vi) Equipment shall be kept clean, particularly from accumulations of yellow lead oxide. When a bushing is used in the wheel hole it shall not exceed the width of the wheel and shall not contact the flanges. 1910.169 Air receivers. 1910.102 Acetylene. (g) Enclosing the point of operation before a press stroke can be initiated, so as to prevent an operator from reaching into the point of operation prior to die closure or prior to cessation of slide motion during the downward stroke. (ii) Type 27 and Type 28 wheels, because of their shape and usage, require specially designed adaptors. Fixing of selection shall be by means capable of supervision by the employer. For that reason, the prohibitions against die-setting in the PSDI mode, and against production in the inch mode are cited to emphasize that inch operation is of reduced safety and is not compatible with PSDI or other production modes. Belts which of necessity must be shifted by hand and belts within seven (7) feet of the floor or working platform which are not guarded in accordance with this section shall not be fastened with metal in any case, nor with any other fastening which by construction or wear will constitute an accident hazard. All revolving collars, including split collars, shall be cylindrical, and screws or bolts used in collars shall not project beyond the largest periphery of the collar. switch to drafting.ecfr.gov. The certification/validation of safety systems for PSDI shall consider the press, controls, safeguards, operator, and environment as an integrated system which shall comply with all of the requirements in 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A. Where any portion of the train of gears guarded by a band guard is less than six (6) feet from the floor a disk guard or a complete enclosure to the height of six (6) feet shall be required. The manufacturer shall certify and the OSHA-recognized third-party validation organization shall validate that: (a) The design of components, subsystems, software and assemblies meets OSHA performance requirements and are ready for the intended use; and. Sec. For full revolution clutch presses with more than one engaging point, Tm shall be calculated as follows: Tm = [ 12 + (1 Number of engaging points per revolution)] time necessary to complete one revolution of the crankshaft (seconds). ANSI B20.1-1976 was an extensive revision from the 1957 code. Programmable controllers which meet the requirements for controls with internally stored programs stated above shall be permitted only if all logic elements affecting the safety system and point of operation safety are internally stored and protected in such a manner that they cannot be altered or manipulated by the user to an unsafe condition. Where light curtain object sensitivity is user-adjustable, either discretely or continuously, design features shall limit the minimum object sensitivity adjustment not to exceed one and one-fourth inches (31.75 mm). The Part 1910 - OSHA General Industry regulations book is designed to assist you in meeting OSHA requirements. (3) The top of the cutting chain and driving mechanism shall be enclosed. Table O-1 - Minimum Basic Thickness for Peripheral and Side Members for Safety Guards Used With Cutting-Off Wheels, Table O-3 - Guide for Construction of Band Type Guards, Table O-5 - Minimum Dimensions for Straight Adaptor Flange - for Organic Bonded Wheels Over 114 Inches Thick1. Subpart BAdoption and Extension of Established Federal Standards. (8) The practice of inserting wedges between the saw disk and the collar to form what is commonly known as a wobble saw shall not be permitted. (iv) All a.c. control circuits and solenoid value coils shall be powered by not more than a nominal 120-volt a.c. supply obtained from a transformer with an isolated secondary. Hangers shall be inspected to make certain that all supporting bolts and screws are tight and that supports of hanger boxes are adjusted properly. When the periphery of the blades of a fan is less than seven (7) feet above the floor or working level, the blades shall be guarded. (3) Each disk sanding machine shall have the exhaust hood, or other guard if no exhaust system is required, so arranged as to enclose the revolving disk, except for that portion of the disk above the table, if a table is used, which may be necessary for the application of the material to be finished. When required by paragraph (c)(5) of this section, the control system shall be constructed so that a failure within the system does not prevent the normal stopping action from being applied to the press when required, but does prevent initiation of a successive stroke until the failure is corrected. The validating laboratory, if a separate organization from the validation organization, shall assign technical responsibility for the validation of PSDI certification to a Technical Director. (ii) If operating speed does not exceed 8,000 surface feet per minute cast iron safety guards, malleable iron guards or other guards as described in paragraph (b)(10)(iii) of this section shall be used. (See Figure O-24 for one such type of mounting.). (i) The operator training required by paragraph (f)(2) of this section shall be provided to the employee before the employee initially operates the press and as needed to maintain competence, but not less than annually thereafter. This is known as the Ring Test. A hearing will be granted to an objecting member of the public only if evidence of failure to meet the requirements of this appendix is supplied to OSHA. Choosing an item from 1910.151 Medical services and first aid. Adjustable guard to be used for starting engine or for running adjustment may be provided at the flywheel of gas or oil engines. Showing adjustable tongue giving required angular protection for all sizes of wheel used. (ii) Belt shifter and clutch handles shall be rounded and be located as far as possible from danger of accidental contact, but within easy reach of the operator. Clutches, cutoff couplings, or clutch pulleys having projecting parts, where such clutches are located seven (7) feet or less above the floor or working platform, shall be enclosed by a stationary guard constructed in accordance with this section. 1. (1) Safety-bit chucks with no projecting set screws shall be used. This content is from the eCFR and may include recent changes applied to the CFR. Hangers. (3) Installation/Certification/Validation and Annual Recertification/Revalidation. (iv) Mechanical power presses with a configuration which would allow a person to enter, pass through, and become clear of the sensing field into the hazardous portion of the press shall not be used in the PSDI mode of operation. Requirements for recognition. (v) The employer shall provide brushes, swabs, lubricating rolls, and automatic or manual pressure guns so that operators and diesetters shall not be required to reach into the point of operation or other hazard areas to lubricate material, punches or dies. This distance (three-eighths inch) may be increased to three-fourths inch, provided the lead edge of the hood is extended to be not less than 512 inches in front of the nip point between the front roll and the work. Inch is a function used by the die setter for setup of dies and tooling, but is not intended for use during production operations by the operator. (2) Instruction to operators. It shall be the responsibility of any person modifying a power press to furnish instructions with the modification to establish new or changed guidelines for use and care of the power press so modified. Employers and manufacturers are encouraged to recommend other approaches if there is a potential for improving safety and reducing cost. (1) Mechanical forging presses. (5) Excluded machines. If no exceptions are filed, this is the final decision of the Department of Labor. (v) The route followed by the oiler is protected in such manner as to prevent accident. (4) Each hand-fed jointer with horizontal cutting head shall have a guard which will cover the section of the head back of the gage or fence. (10) Counterbalance means the mechanism that is used to balance or support the weight of the connecting rods, slide, and slide attachments. (5) Power-driven guillotine veneer cutters, except continuous feed trimmers, shall be equipped with: (i) Starting devices which require the simultaneous action of both hands to start the cutting motion and of at least one hand on a control during the complete stroke of the knife; or. Use of a brake monitor does not eliminate the need for periodic brake inspection and maintenance to reduce the possibility of catastrophic failures. All dies shall be: (i) Stamped with the tonnage and stroke requirements, or have these characteristics recorded if these records are readily available to the die setter; (ii) Stamped to indicate upper die weight when necessary for air counterbalance pressure adjustment; and. (i) Shafting shall be kept in alignment, free from rust and excess oil or grease. Click on the image to download the training you need, and they will be automatically downloaded. (3) Steam hammers mean a type of drop hammer where the ram is raised for each stroke by a double-action steam cylinder and the energy delivered to the workpiece is supplied by the velocity and weight of the ram and attached upper die driven downward by steam pressure. Pulleys intended to operate at rim speed in excess of manufacturers normal recommendations shall be specially designed and carefully balanced for the speed at which they are to operate. from the floor or platform may be guarded with a disk covering the spokes. 1910.105 Nitrous oxide. (8) Hinged saw tables shall be so constructed that the table can be firmly secured in any position and in true alignment with the saw. Such a device shall not depend for its proper functioning upon any rope, cord, or spring. 1910.19 Special provisions for air contaminants. 1910.9 Compliance duties owed to each employee. (iii) Full revolution mechanical power presses shall not be used in the PSDI mode of operation. (iv) There are three general types of flanges: (a) Straight relieved flanges (see Figure O-32); (b) Straight unrelieved flanges (see Figure O-30); (c) Adaptor flanges (see Figures O-33 and O-34); (v) Regardless of flange type used, the wheel shall always be guarded. (v) Air counterbalance cylinders shall incorporate means to prevent failure of capability (sudden loss of pressure) in event of air supply failure. 1910.137 Electrical protective equipment. 1/1.1 Die-setting and maintenance procedures shall comply with paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section, and shall not be done in the PSDI mode. Safety guards of the types described in subparagraphs (3) and (4) of this paragraph, where the operator stands in front of the opening, shall be constructed so that the peripheral protecting member can be adjusted to the constantly decreasing diameter of the wheel. result, it may not include the most recent changes applied to the CFR. 1910.212(a)(1) A recognized validation organization may apply to OSHA for an expansion of its current recognition to cover other categories of PSDI certification/validation in addition to those included in the current recognition. (7) All cracked saws shall be removed from service. To accomplish this, the machine spindle shall be made to nominal (standard) size plus zero minus .002 inch, and the wheel hole shall be made suitably oversize to assure safety clearance under the conditions of operating heat and pressure. This shall include the use of the test rod required by paragraph (h)(10)(i) of this section. d. Statement that the safety system conforms with all requirements of the PSDI standard and appendix A. The guard shall be fastened to the frame carrying the rolls so as to remain in adjustment for any thickness of stock. It is expected that the brake monitor adjustment normally could be evaluated on the basis of the effect on the safety system certification/validation documentation retained by the validation organization. These safety training PowerPoints cover the items specified by OSHA standards. The stroking selector generally includes positions for Off (Clutch Control), Inch, Single Stroke, and Continuous (when Continuous is furnished). (i) Unless the distance to the nearest fixed pulley, clutch, or hanger exceeds the width of the belt used, a guide shall be provided to prevent the belt from leaving the pulley on the side where insufficient clearance exists. (iv) Periodic inspections of clutch and brake mechanisms shall be performed to assure they are in proper operating condition. (5) Saw frames or tables shall be constructed with lugs cast on the frame or with an equivalent means to limit the size of the saw blade that can be mounted, so as to avoid overspeed caused by mounting a saw larger than intended. The board enclosure shall be securely fastened to the hammer. All d.c. control circuits shall be powered by not more than a nominal 240-volt d.c. supply isolated from any higher voltages. In every case the sides of trough shall extend at least two (2) inches beyond the shafting or protuberance. The failure shall be detectable by a simple test, or indicated by the control system. The employer shall train and instruct the operator in the safe method of work before starting work on any operation covered by this section. A means of air lubrication shall be provided when needed. (i) Machines using full revolution clutches shall incorporate a single-stroke mechanism. 1910.1043 Cotton dust. Hardwoods recommended are those whose ultimate crushing strengths in compression parallel to grain are 5,000 p.s.i. After receipt of a notification of preliminary disapproval, the applicant may submit a revised application for further review by OSHA pursuant to subsection I.B. Blanking of the sensing field is not permitted. Where the drive extends over other machine or working areas, protection against falling shall be provided. (vi) The adjustable barrier guard shall be securely attached to the press bed, bolster plate, or die shoe, and shall be adjusted and operated in conformity with Table O-10 and the requirements of this subparagraph. The bottom of the guard shall come to within three-eighths inch of a plane formed by bottom or contact face of the feed roll where it touches the stock. (f) Certain Type 1 and Type 27A cutting-off wheels. Immediately before mounting, all wheels shall be closely inspected and sounded by the user (ring test) to make sure they have not been damaged in transit, storage, or otherwise. View the most recent official publication: These links go to the official, published CFR, which is updated annually. They shall be designed to provide adequate holding power for all the thicknesses of material being cut. (7) Direct drive means the type of driving arrangement wherein no clutch is used; coupling and decoupling of the driving torque is accomplished by energization and deenergization of a motor. Vertical and inclined shafting seven (7) feet or less from floor or working platform, excepting maintenance runways, shall be enclosed with a stationary casing in accordance with requirements of paragraphs (m) and (o) of this section. (2) Redundancy, and comparison and/or diagnostic checking, exist for the critical items that may cause injury, and the electrical, electronic, electromechanical and mechanical parts and components are selected so that they can withstand operational and external environments. One or more methods of machine guarding shall be provided to protect the operator and other employees in the machine area from hazards such as those created by point of operation, ingoing nip points, rotating parts, flying chips and sparks. (5) Full revolution clutch means a type of clutch that, when tripped, cannot be disengaged until the crankshaft has completed a full revolution and the press slide a full stroke. The recommendations of the brake system manufacturer shall be used to simulate or estimate the brake wear. The model is based on medical research into the forces needed to cause damage to . (1) Each circular resaw shall be guarded by a hood or shield of metal above the saw. (xiii) The Control system shall incorporate interlocks for supplemental guards, if used, which will prevent stroke initiation or will stop a stroke in progress if any supplemental guard fails or is deactivated. In lieu of such yielding sectional rolls, suitable section kickback finger devices shall be provided at the infeed end. (viii) Those clutch/brake control systems which contain both single and continuous functions shall be designed so that completion of continuous circuits may be supervised by the employer. 1910.12 Construction work. Spacers shall be equal in diameter to the mounting flanges and have equal bearing surfaces. (59) Control system means sensors, manual input and mode selection elements, interlocking and decision-making circuitry, and output elements to the press operating mechanism. (2) Lockouts. (viii) Number of operators required for the operation and the number of operators provided with controls and safeguards. 1. Even though not employing a clutch, direct drives match the operational characteristics of part revolution clutches because the driving power may be disengaged during the stroke of the press. (11) The frames and all exposed, noncurrent-carrying metal parts of portable electric woodworking machinery operated at more than 90 volts to ground shall be grounded and other portable motors driving electric tools which are held in the hand while being operated shall be grounded if they operate at more than 90 volts to ground. The label shall indicate the press serial number, the minimum safety distance (Ds) required by paragraph (h)(9)(v) of this section, the fulfillment of design certification/validation, the employer's signed certification, the identification of the OSHA-recognized third-party validation organization, its signed validation, and the date the certification/validation and recertification/revalidation are issued.
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