karate run specific feature file

Given this custom, user-defined Java class: This is how it can be called from a test-script via JavaScript, and yes, even static methods can be invoked: Note that JSON gets auto-converted to Map (or List) when making the cross-over to Java. Karate can run tests in parallel, and dramatically cut down execution time. This is a core feature and does not depend on JUnit, Maven or Gradle. For JUnit 5 you can omit the public modifier for the class and method, and there are some changes to import package names. For JSON and XML files, Karate will evaluate any embedded expressions on load. How to run a specific feature file in Karate? The business of web-services testing requires access to low-level aspects such as HTTP headers, URL-paths, query-parameters, complex JSON or XML payloads and response-codes. odds: '#[] oddSchema' And then you have two options. Note that def can be used to assign a feature to a variable. path to file containing public and private keys for your client certificate. env which is a global variable. Refer to polling.feature for an example, and also see the alternative way to achieve polling. id: 1, If you want to use JUnit 4, use the karate-junit4 Maven dependency instead of karate-junit5 . Naturally, only one value can be returned. And this assertion will cause the test to fail if the HTTP response code is something else. Use it sparingly, and only for string, number or simple payload comparisons. You are free to organize your files using regular Java package conventions. We recommend that you use the Karate extension for Visual Studio Code - and with that, JavaScript, .NET and Python programmers will feel right at home. _ > 0' }, # when validation logic is an 'equality' check, an embedded expression works better, Then match temperature contains { fahrenheit, # when the response is binary (byte-array), # incidentally, match and assert behave exactly the same way for strings, # if b can be present (optional) but should always be null, """ Any valid JavaScript expression that evaluates to a Truthy or Falsy value is expected after the #?. In cases where the data-source needs multiple steps, for e.g. For a call (or callonce) - payload / data structures (JSON, XML, Map-like or List-like) variables are passed by reference which means that steps within the called feature can update or mutate them, for e.g. Because of how easy it is to set HTTP headers, Karate does not provide any special keywords for things like the Accept header. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Try this especially if you dont have much experience with programming or test-automation. Observe how the get shortcut is used to distill the result array of variable envelopes into an array consisting only of response payloads. Finally, using karate.response.header(name) can be simpler to just get a header value string by name, and it will ignore-case for the name passed as the argument: You would normally only need to use the status keyword. Variables can be referred to within JSON, for example: So the rule is - if a string value within a JSON (or XML) object declaration is enclosed between #( and ) - it will be evaluated as a JavaScript expression. Also look at the section on commonly needed utilities for more ideas. When you have a sequence of HTTP calls that need to be repeated for multiple test scripts, Karate allows you to treat a *.feature file as a re-usable unit. The contents of my-signin.feature are shown below. The feature is invoked for each item in the array. Note that you can even include calls to a database from Karate using Java interop. You can use karate.callSingle() directly in a *.feature file, but it logically fits better in the global bootstrap. Something like this: For HTTPS / SSL, you can also specify a custom certificate or trust store by setting Java system properties. But there are cases where you need to take custom actions like saving a response to a file, file reading or writing, etc. You can define the base URL in Karate with the keyword. You can run tests with this directly, but teams can choose the JUnit variant (shown below) that pulls in JUnit 5 and slightly improves the in-IDE experience. There may be cases where you want to suppress this to make the reports lighter and easier to read. JSON arrays), see, convenient for the common case of transforming an array of primitives into an array of objects, see, useful to merge the key-values of two (or more) JSON (or map-like) objects, see. A working example of calling a SOAP service can be found within the Karate project test-suite. This is especially useful when you want to maintain passwords, secrets or even URL-s specific for your local dev environment. Now, since this Karate Framework is using the Runner file, which also is needed in Cucumber to run the feature files, so most of the writing will follow the Cucumber standards. if you want to conditionally stop a test with a descriptive error message, e.g. None of the examples in the documentation use the $varName form on the LHS, and this is the recommended best-practice. As a rule of thumb, prefer match over assert, because match failure messages are more detailed and descriptive. Since it is so easy to dive into Java-interop, Karate does not include any random-number functions, uuid generator or date / time utilities out of the box. And similarly - for specifying the HTTP proxy. !contains deep is not yet supported, please contribute code if you can. Observe how you can match the result of a JsonPath expression with your expected data. Expressions are evaluated using the embedded JavaScript engine. And you can perform conditional / cross-field validations and even business-logic validations at the same time. The get keyword allows you to save the results of a JsonPath expression for later use - which is especially useful for dynamic data-driven testing. Create a feature file under src/test/resources. 'test1.feature', * def result = responseStatus == 404 ? And since you can easily extend Karate using JavaScript, there is no need to compile Java code any more. 2. Here is an example: binary.feature. The static method com.intuit.karate.Runner.runFeature() is best explained in this demo unit-test: JavaApiTest.java. } For example - if a response data element or downloaded file is YAML and you need to use the data in subsequent steps. Notice how once the authToken variable is initialized, it is used by the above function to generate headers for every HTTP call made as part of the test flow. a JSON array). This is very common in the world of Maven users and keep in mind that these are tests and not production code. Note that it is a map of lists so you will need to do things like this: And just as in the responseCookies example above, you can use match to run complex validations on the responseHeaders. Now if we want to validate the response as whole json, create a file named as "EResult.json" under "Karate.api.data" package (Create a separate package where all the data files will reside). You could get by by renaming the file-extension to say *.txt but an alternative is to use the karate.readAsString() API. Because Karate strips trailing slashes if part of a path parameter, if you want to append a forward-slash to the end of the URL in the final HTTP request - make sure that the last path is a single /. Requirement: Open a feature file in VSCode Editor and ensure a line associated with a test has cursor focus. In situations where you start an (embedded) application server as part of the test set-up phase, a typical challenge is that the HTTP port may be determined at run-time. Step 2: Add feature and scenario description. And there is no more worrying about Maven profiles and whether the right *.properties file has been copied to the proper place. So an additional rule in the above flow of rules (before the first step) is as follows: Karate scripts are technically in Gherkin format - but all you need to grok as someone who needs to test web-services are the three sections: Feature, Background and Scenario. Karate Tests you can immediately run, with validation, inline payload examples and . And since header names are case-insensitive - it ignores the case when finding the header to match. for simulating check-boxes and multi-selects): You can also dynamically set multiple fields in one step using the form fields keyword. # this next line may perform many steps and result in multiple variables set for the rest of the script, """ Soumendra Daas has created a nice example and guide that you can use as a reference here: hello-karate. You can easily get the value of the current environment or profile, and then set up global variables using some simple JavaScript. You can actually refer to any JsonPath on the document via $ and perform cross-field or conditional validations ! ] Assertions and HTML reports are built-in, and you can run tests in parallel for speed. You may face issues if you attempt to mix in JS functions or Java code. Shinwa-Kai Karate Club (Singapore) is founded in 1997 by Shihan Richard Ng, 7th Dan Black-Belt, NROC Master Coach & National Coach of Singapore. There are two things that can happen to the returned value. #10, #15: There must be a structure expected as a response of the API. This will give you the usual HTML report showing what features will be run, including all steps shown (including comments) so that it can be reviewed. Also look at the demo examples, especially dynamic-params.feature - to compare the above approach with how the Cucumber Scenario Outline: can be alternatively used for data-driven tests. Since these are tests and not production Java code, you dont need to be bound by the com.mycompany.foo.bar convention and the un-necessary explosion of sub-folders that ensues. There is a neat way to tag your tests and the above example demonstrates how to run all tests except the ones tagged @skipme. also explained how to grab the response . downloadLatestFn('custom_latest.png') Some third-party report-server solutions integrate with Karate such as ReportPortal.io. When your project gets complex, you can have separate karate-config-.js files that will be processed for that specific value of karate.env. Observe how the value of the field being validated (or self) is injected into the underscore expression variable: _. It validates the entire payload in one step and checks if the kittens array contains all the expected items but in any order. The Background is optional. @smoke @module=one @module=two etc. How can we prove that the supernatural or paranormal doesn't exist? You should be able to right-click and run a single method using your IDE - which should be sufficient when you are in development mode. } Paste the raw data in textbox. You would typically use these to simulate a user sign-in and then grab a security token from the response. [{ Keep in mind that you should be able to comment-out a Scenario or skip some via tags without impacting any others. Like above, but force the SSL algorithm to one of, Whether the HTTP client automatically follows redirects - (default, Set the connect timeout (milliseconds). 1. In the feature below, the * print 'in setup' step will run only once. That said, the syntax is very concise, and the convention of every step having to start with either Given, And, When or Then, makes things very readable. Ex- headers. 'name is Bob and age is 5', # the single cell can be any valid karate expression, * def generator = function(i){ if (i == 20) return null; return { name, Keywords that set multiple key-value pairs in one step, Managing Headers, SSL, Timeouts and HTTP Proxy, Matching Sub-Sets of JSON Keys and Arrays, mix Karate into Java projects or legacy UI-automation suites, Karate entered the ThoughtWorks Tech Radar, 7 New Features in Karate Test Automation Version 1.0, nested chunks of JSON that name-space your config variables, alternate way of calling JavaScript functions, exact same example implemented in REST-assured and TestNG, do not use this unless you know what you are doing, see above, Comparison engine(s) to use. The match keyword can be made to iterate over all elements in a JSON array using the each modifier. c In fact it may be a good idea to slip doubles instead of integers into some of your tests ! Karate is an open-source API test automation tool. You can lock down the fact that you only want to execute the single JUnit class that functions as a test-suite - by using the following maven-surefire-plugin configuration: Note how the karate.options can be specified using the configuration. The most important feature of Karate isno coding. Especially since strings can be easily coerced to numbers (and vice-versa) in Javascript, you can combine built-in validators with the self-validation predicate form like this: '#number? If you are new to programming or test-automation, refer to the options for IDE support and the official IntelliJ plugin is recommended. Scenario: creating a repo and verifying the response * path '/user/repos' #Change the repo_name . ] Keep in mind that these are tests (not production code) and this config is going to be maintained more by the dev or QE team instead of the ops or operations team. return sdf.parse(s).time; // '.getTime()' would also have worked instead of '.time' This will always hold the contents of the response as a byte-array. How to change the query variable in WordPress? } The retry keyword is designed to extend the existing method syntax (and should appear before a method step) like so: Any JavaScript expression that uses any variable in scope can be placed after the retry until part. """, # note the 'text' keyword instead of 'def', """ But we recommend that you do this only if you are sure that these routines are needed in almost all *.feature files. Once defined, you can refer to a variable by name. While $ always refers to the JSON root, note the use of _$ above to represent the current node of a match each iteration. For some more examples check test-outline-name-js.feature. But there are cases where you need to take custom actions like saving a response to a file, file reading or writing, etc. This is easily achieved with the karate.repeat() API: And theres also karate.range() which can be useful to generate test-data. Each functionality of the software must have a separate feature file. What this means is that you are free to use whatever makes sense for you. And each element of the returned array will be the envelope of variables that resulted from each iteration where the *.feature got invoked. You can even remove JSON array elements by index. But since you can express a list of data-elements as a JSON array - even these XPath expressions can be used in match statements. ] Create util.DbUtils java class and add the following java code snippet. This implies that MantisBT issue is created in the bug tracker tool. You could even have all the steps start with When and Karate wont care. For example: Note that it has to be a pure JavaScript expression - which means that match syntax such as contains will not work. To run only a single scenario, append the line number on which the scenario is defined, de-limited by :. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Calling a feature file from another file. Native data types mean that you can insert them into a script without having to worry about enclosing them in strings and then having to escape double-quotes all over the place. Karates approach frees you from Maven, is far more expressive, allows you to eyeball all environments in one place, and is still a plain-text file. { If you are familiar with Cucumber / Gherkin, the big difference here is that you dont need to write extra glue code or Java step definitions ! This is especially useful when capturing screenshots during tests and comparing against baseline images that are known to be correct. If you dont pass a handler (or it is null), the first message is returned. Git) to ignore karate-config-*.js if needed. JSON / arrays), see, executes an OS command, but forks a process in parallel and will not block the test like, for advanced conditional logic for e.g. Here is a summary of what the different shapes mean in Karate: There is no need to prefix variable names with $ on the left-hand-side of match statements because it is implied. The structure should be a def keyword followed by a variable name and a value. Then use the header keyword to do a custom over-ride if needed. """, """ It may be easier for you to use the Karate Maven archetype to create a skeleton project with one command. useful to scrape text out of non-JSON or non-XML text sources such as HTML, like the above, but returns a list of text-matches. Here below is an example jbang script that uses the Karate Java API to do some useful work. So it is recommended that you directly use a Java Function when possible instead of using the karate.toJava() wrapper as shown above. If you want to keep the level as DEBUG (for HTML reports) but suppress logging to the console, you can comment out the STDOUT root appender-ref: Or another option is to use a ThresholdFilter, so you still see critical logs on the console: If you want to exclude the logs from your CI/CD pipeline but keep them in the execution of your users in their locals you can configure your logback using Janino. """, # use dynamic path expressions to mutate json, * def filename = zone == 'zone1' ? For manipulating or updating JSON (or XML) using path expressions, refer to the set keyword. { You can organize multiple common utilities into a single re-usable feature file as follows e.g. If you want to dynamically and programmatically determine the tags and features to be included - the API also accepts. Just write tests in a simple, readable syntax - carefully designed for HTTP, JSON, GraphQL and XML. This is possible by prefixing contains with a ! For easy readability, some information is presented by the Karate Framework in the console, whenever the Test execution is completed. {2}', id: '#uuid' }, # convenient (and recommended) way to check for array length, # here we enclose in round-brackets to preserve the optional embedded expression, # so that it can be used later in a "match", """ Karate has the following short-cut symbols designed to be mixed into embedded expressions: For completeness, == and != also belong in the above list. Each array element is expected to be a JSON object, and for each object - the behavior will be as described above. Refer to this example for more details: graphql.feature. } And you can easily assert that the data is as expected by comparing it with another JSON or XML object. This is preferred because it takes care of situations such as if the value is undefined in JavaScript. It is also possible to invoke a feature file via a Java API which can be useful in some test-automation situations. Karate creates a new context for the feature file being invoked but passes along all variables and configuration. In case you were wondering, variables (and even expressions) are supported on the right-hand-side. So you could have also done something like: Also refer to the configure keyword on how to switch on pretty-printing of all HTTP requests and responses. But first, a special short-cut for array validation needs to be introduced: This in-line short-cut for validating JSON arrays is similar to how match each works. // trigger download of latest image with custom file name How to run a specific feature file in karate? 9 How to assert a null response in karate? The above example does not use shared scope, which means that the variables in the calling (parent) feature are not shared by the called my-signin.feature. What are the most important features of karate? Before we get to the HTTP keywords, it is worth doing a recap of the various shapes that the right-hand-side of an assignment statement can take: They are url, path, request, method and status. object.name. Karate gives us lots of options to work with data. 12341234 It begins with the Feature keyword, followed by the . When I switch environments (passing in -Dkarate.env=qual as part of the run command) then baseUrl is set correctly. : * param myparam = 'value' or url: * url 'http://example.com/v1?myparam'. Also see the option below, where you can data-drive an Examples: table using JSON. . It is important to note that myFile above is the field name within the multipart/form-data request payload. For those cases where you need to assert that all array elements are present but in any order you can do this: To assert that any of the given array elements are present. this is what most teams do. Requirement: Open a feature file in VSCode Editor and ensure editor has focus. These are essential HTTP operations, they focus on setting one (un-named or key-less) value at a time and therefore dont need an = sign in the syntax. # using a static method - observe how java interop is truly seamless !

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